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July 24, 2007
Bill Clinton: "Fewer People Have Died [In Iraq] Than Would Have Died If The American Military Hadn't Been There"
The shallowness and just basic factual inaccuracy of America's political discourse is terrifying. This isn't so only when people are screaming at each other on cable news. It's pretty much the same at the fanciest venues, with just a thin veneer of sophistication added. It's all Just So stories that are false both in their specifics and their morals. Yet no one notices or cares.
Take Bill Clinton's remarks on Iraq earlier this month at the Aspen Ideas Festival:
As awful as Iraq has been, fewer people have died there than would have died if the American military hadn't been there. You've got to be prepared for this. And all you have to do is look at Bosnia. Both Bosnia and Iraq are multi-ethnic, artificial creations of the demise of the Ottoman Empire at the end of World War I. We didn't do anything in Bosnia for three years, until sort of the blood lust was spent, NATO bombed them for a few days, we went to a peace agreement and made a deal.But before that deal was made, there were 250,000 dead people and two and a half million refugees. Iraq is four times as big. Nearly as I can tell, the death rate is three or four hundred thousand and two million refugees, which means you could have another six hundred thousand dead people and eight million more refugees if we disengage altogether before the process plays itself out and politics can assert itself.
Let's assume Clinton means fewer people have died in Iraq than would have if we'd overthrown Saddam and left immediately, rather than if we'd never invaded at all. And let's also assume Bosnia and Iraq are closely comparable situations (as unlikely as that seems).
But even on Clinton's own terms, much of this is flatly wrong—to the extent his entire point is invalidated.
1. Bosnia is not a creation "of the demise of the Ottoman Empire at the end of World War I." The Ottomans were forced to cede Bosnia to the Austro-Hungarian Empire under the Treaty of Berlin in 1878.
This isn't obscure. I learned it in 11th grade history. Moreover, even someone who didn't know this should be able to figure out that Bosnia belonged to Austria-Hungary at the beginning of the First World War. Would it really make sense that Archduke Ferdinand was off on a jaunt to the Ottoman Empire when he was killed in Sarajevo? Would it make sense that a Serbian nationalist assassin would, if the Ottoman Empire were running Bosnia, be angry at the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary?
Even though this isn't that relevant to what Clinton's saying, it would be nice if the man who was president during the Bosnian War could get this right when he's giving us a history lesson.
2. The Bosnian War didn't kill 250,000 people. That number was thrown about at the time, but an investigation by the International Criminal Tribunal for Yugoslavia found it was around 102,000. Another study by a Sarajevo NGO, funded by the Norwegian government, estimated the number killed at 97,000. (Clinton is likely right about the number of refugees, however.)
3. Where did Clinton get "three or four hundred thousand" for the number of Iraqi dead? I've never seen that anywhere. I strongly suspect he just chose that because it was in between the 2006 Johns Hopkins estimate of 650,000 people killed total and the Iraq Body Count's finding of 74,000 civilians killed. This isn't especially, uh, rigorous. (Note that the Sarajevo NGO study didn't include accidents or sickness caused by the war, so it's not directly comparable to the Johns Hopkins study.)
4. Four times the 100,000 killed in Bosnia is 400,000. Thus, even if we accept Clinton's guess at the number of Iraqi dead, it would indicate that killing in Iraq should be pretty much over. If we take the higher Johns Hopkins numbers, it means there's already been substantially more killing in Iraq than there was in Bosnia.
So, there you have it. Bill Clinton tells a story whose moral is: the U.S. presence in Iraq has actually prevented bloodshed, and if we leave, there will likely be far more! And lots of people with fancy degrees, all in Aspen to celebrate their own smartness, nod knowingly. Yet just a cursory look at the facts indicates Clinton's tale was completely wrong. (This doesn't mean there won't be terrible bloodshed whenever we leave Iraq; maybe there will be. But Clinton's story demonstrates nothing one way or the other.)
And this is the way it goes in every single case with every single issue in American politics. America's elites go around telling little nice-sounding stories to each other—did you know the US share of world GDP has increased from 20% to 29% since 1980?—that not only are wrong, but are so shoddily constructed that with a tiny poke they collapse into dust. Yet the people in charge are oblivious to this. That's how they got us into Iraq, and that's how they'll continue blindly rampaging around the world until something stops them. Hopefully that something will be American democracy, rather than the end of mankind.
(I'm by no means the world's greatest expert on Bosnia, and welcome corrections if I've gotten something wrong.)
Posted at July 24, 2007 11:42 AM | TrackBackI take greater offense to his characterization of conflicts - "We didn't do anything ... for three years, until sort of the blood lust was spent" - meaning, what, people just need to get some of that ethnic tension and killing out of their systems, and we should just let them? Then eventually, they'll suffer from "civil war" fatigue, after which a little light bombing will sort them right out? He repeats this same philosophy later, "before the process plays itself out and politics can assert itself." This seems bloody daft to me - ethnic conflict in Iraq didn't spring up out of a vacuum, and the US presence, and its decision to unilaterally support one proto-faction at the expense of the other, and even to encourage the former to lock the latter out of the process, certainly contributed GREATLY to the ethnic tension. So, how can we say that "fewer people have died"? There were points in the conflict when the Shia-Sunni tension was at a very low ebb. Withdrawing then might have done quite well to diffuse the conflict. But that wouldn't have done right by our own hubris, of course.
Posted by: saurabh at July 24, 2007 12:15 PMBill, caught in a lie?
Posted by: Mike Meyer at July 24, 2007 12:17 PMI love it when people act like the (first) Clinton presidency was some sort of glory days for progressive, humanitarian politics. It's like speaking to an actual retard, only without the part where they have some sort of excuse.
Posted by: Dayv at July 24, 2007 12:38 PMI've been arguing for a while that, after the right wing has written off Iraq as a bunch of rag-head savages not worth the life of one of our Brave Boys, the liberals will ride to the rescue of the failing US occupation with their sob-sister "won't someone think of the children?" nonsense.
And that handover should occur sometime around, say, November of 2008.
Posted by: SteveB at July 24, 2007 12:54 PMWhat bugs me most about the mainstream discussion (and most center-left blog discussion, which of course doesn't mean this blog) of the Iraq War is the almost total lack of interest in the number of people our own military has killed, insurgent and civilian alike. It's notoriously hard to distinguish civilians from insurgents in a guerilla war (though partly because the counterinsurgency forces don't want to admit the insurgents they've killed were really civilians), so I'd settle for one lump sum.
Even a factor of two estimate. But nobody asks for this. So far as I can tell from the press, except for the scattered report here and there, our soldiers are suffering tens of thousands of dead and wounded (mostly the latter) and barely shooting back. Which is surely nonsense.
So then Bill can pretend that things will definitely get worse if US forces leave and maybe he's right, but you'd never suspect listening to him that maybe the arithmetic isn't that clear, since one major source of Iraqi casualties will be gone.
As for one of your earlier points, if he had any sense of decency he'd first acknowledge that the 300-400 thousand dead that he cites would mostly be alive if we hadn't invaded.
BTW, I did see a third or fourth hand estimate of 400,000 in the comment section of Juan Cole's blog some months back, in connection with LancetII. A student at one of those high-powered places where they teach you to be an imperialist (it might have been the Kennedy School or something along those lines, but I've forgotten which place) had a classmate very high up in Pentagon intelligence circles who supposedly told him that their estimate was 400,000, which would be at the low end of the Lancet CI. I'd guess that there are people in the US government who do try to estimate these things, accurately or not, and that Clinton or his wife can can get this information if he wants it. But more likely he's just talking off the top of his head.
Posted by: Donald Johnson at July 24, 2007 03:00 PMWhat bugs me most about the mainstream discussion (and most center-left blog discussion, which of course doesn't mean this blog) of the Iraq War is the almost total lack of interest in the number of people our own military has killed, insurgent and civilian alike. It's notoriously hard to distinguish civilians from insurgents in a guerilla war (though partly because the counterinsurgency forces don't want to admit the insurgents they've killed were really civilians), so I'd settle for one lump sum.
Even a factor of two estimate. But nobody asks for this. So far as I can tell from the press, except for the scattered report here and there, our soldiers are suffering tens of thousands of dead and wounded (mostly the latter) and barely shooting back. Which is surely nonsense.
So then Bill can pretend that things will definitely get worse if US forces leave and maybe he's right, but you'd never suspect listening to him that maybe the arithmetic isn't that clear, since one major source of Iraqi casualties will be gone.
As for one of your earlier points, if he had any sense of decency he'd first acknowledge that the 300-400 thousand dead that he cites would mostly be alive if we hadn't invaded.
BTW, I did see a third or fourth hand estimate of 400,000 in the comment section of Juan Cole's blog some months back, in connection with LancetII. A student at one of those high-powered places where they teach you to be an imperialist (it might have been the Kennedy School or something along those lines, but I've forgotten which place) had a classmate very high up in Pentagon intelligence circles who supposedly told him that their estimate was 400,000, which would be at the low end of the Lancet CI. I'd guess that there are people in the US government who do try to estimate these things, accurately or not, and that Clinton or his wife can can get this information if he wants it. But more likely he's just talking off the top of his head.
Posted by: Donald Johnson at July 24, 2007 03:01 PMWhat a monster. Assuming he's quoting some mortality study - which, given the available estimates, he almost certainly is - the hundreds of thousands are the number above the baseline "than would have died if the American military hadn't been there". Nevermind that if we'd just let sanctions fall said mortality rate would be on its way down, and nevermind how many millions might still be alive if Bill Clinton had dropped them when he presumably learned that the regime had effectively disarmed in the first place.
Posted by: buermann at July 24, 2007 06:39 PMIt amazes me that the war mongerers can claim what the death rate in Iraq might be if US forces are gone, while at the same time they cannot tell us what the death rate is with the US forces IN THE COUNTRY.
It defies logic.
And Bill Clinton's reasoning certainly defies logic. But at least he was a more subtle killer, as compared to 'SHOCK AND AWE' INC.
and as to "barely shooting back" position the US media tends to take - maybe they could explain why the US cannot produce enough bullets for Iraq domestically and have to buy from Israel?
Posted by: Susan - NC at July 24, 2007 06:56 PMI know something about Bosnia, and Clinton is WAY off base here. You are right, he is completely wrong.
Also, if the US had never invaded Iraq, I cannot see any way that over 100,000 Iraqis would be dead at this point.
What I don't understand is, why is Clinton covering for Bush and the neocons???
Posted by: upstate guy at July 24, 2007 07:10 PMClinton is preemptively covering for his wife.
Posted by: hedgehog at July 24, 2007 07:25 PMOf the U.S.-led sanctions against Iraq estimated to have killed a half-million children, Madeleine Albright famously replied: “I think that is a very hard choice, but the price, we think, the price is worth it.”
Considering all the humanitarian goings-on that have occurred in Iraq since, Bill or Hillary Clinton would likely insist it was "not only worth it, but a damn fine investment."
Posted by: Arvin Hill at July 24, 2007 09:39 PMBut then there are those who argue that less people would have died in Bosnia without US involvement, because US officials encouraged the Bosniak leader Izetbegović to renege on the pre-war Lisbon agreement. Would that early partition plan have been possible without bloodshed comparable to the civil war that followed Izetbegović's decision? There's no way of knowing; but there was a peace plan and one party walked away from it on US advice.
"NATO bombed them for a few days" is a nice description of the three week Operation Deliberate Force, considering the concurrent Croatian attack on Krajina, the refugee crisis it produced, and all the tit-for-tat violence that flowed from that.
Posted by: RobW at July 24, 2007 10:57 PMThe party of might-makes-right (i.e. war mongers) don't really need to justify, (to quote gwbush "International law? Better call my lawyer"-see verbatim cartoon at- http://www.redstateupdate.net/full-page/fullpage-archive-36.html )
It is only folks who are conversant with concepts like morality that need to have their concerns about criminality mollified by constructs like those offered by Mr. Clinton-
I try to pay attention, and from what has been reported it seems that all of the following have agreed with gwbush's slogan (and I consciously refer to this as a slogan rather than a foreign policy position) with respect to Iran "all options are on the table" : Hillary Clinton-Barak Obama-John Edwards.
When I say "blessed are the peace makers" I am called juvenile or naive. When I say "an eye for an eye and soon the whole world is blind" I am mocked for appeasing 'terrorists'. When I say "war is over, if you want it" I am told that I am not a patriot. When I remember that all presidents since the 1950s have started wars and military actions, agreed to and ordered covert actions to destabilize, committed extra judicial executions and more "I tremble for my country when I consider that god is just".
peace is penance-
www.redstateupdate.net
funny, frightening, free
and 'it's all true'
If any of you can get a map of Europe from, say 1942, you will see that a lot of Eastern Europe was sliced up in a similar fashion to today's maps. Little ethnic principalities are no match against multinational corporations, especially with the aid of the U.S. military.
How's that oil law in Iraq going?
Posted by: Bob In Pacifica at July 25, 2007 08:39 PMTHE IRAQI OIL LAW---YOU CAN ROB some of the people all of the time.
YOU CAN ROB all of the people some of the time.
BUT YOU CAN'T ROB all the people all of the time.
How can Clinton say more Iraqis would have died if the US military hadn't been there? There was an ethnic civil war going on in Bosnia before NATO intervened; there wasn't one until after the US
invaded Iraq.
Sounds to me like ol Bill finally inhaled.
Posted by: Paul Avery at July 27, 2007 04:12 AMAs saurabh implies, one gigantic and simply bizarre assumption in Clinton's logic is that the number killed in the Balkans represent some kind of exact representation of the number that have to die in any war before people get sick of killing and switch to political solutions. You can just apply the proportional number from Bosnia to any other country/situation and -- voila! -- that's the point at which people get sick of killing!
I'm too lazy, but someone could do a lot with this new theory that I'll call Clinton's Formula. e.g., what was the comparable number of Americans killed in the Civil War before Lee surrendered; does it mean that the British should have intervened -- maybe before Grant took command? How does the genocide in Rwanda compare to the death rate in the Balkans, and didn't it go on well past the end of their "blood lust"? Aren't we long past the time that the Israelis and Palestinians should have spent their "blood lust"? Did Clinton intervene too soon in Haiti -- before the Haitians had killed the "right number" of their own? Does this explain why the world refuses to intervene in any meaningful way in Darfur?
Indeed, using Clinton's Formula, one could decide, once and for all (and yes, tongue firmly in cheek, making fun of Clinton while not forgetting that we're talking about millions of horrible deaths): who are the "blood lustiest" people on Earth?
Posted by: whistler blue at July 27, 2007 03:04 PMClinton is a criminally overrated and irrelevant political figure and should act accordingly....
His wife is a living fool and an insufferable, elitist snob....
No one of any intelligence cares about what this horse's arse and/or mare's arse spit from their mouths!
For those with a masochistic curiosity, allow me to quickly discern and save you the suspense... They're scum, just like Bush&Co..
Posted by: at July 27, 2007 06:43 PMDamnit Posted, you FINALLY laid something out there I gotta agree with!!!
Posted by: Mike Meyer at July 28, 2007 09:21 AMWhat an Ass! This guy was making policy in the former Yugoslavia based on Kaplan's "Balkan Ghosts," - a fine travelogue, but only that. And this jerk was making foreign policy based on a travelogue. What a lazy Ass!
Posted by: empty at July 31, 2007 10:59 AM